Nabothian Cyst : Cause - Identification -Symptoms - Complications - Diagnosis - Treatment - Prevention - Prognosis - Frequency And Recurrence

Article includes Cause, Identification, Symptoms, Complications, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, Prognosis, Frequency And Recurrence, Synonyms, and images for Nabothian Cysts.

Multiple Nabothian Cysts

A Nabothian cyst ( also called Nabothian Follicle, cervical cyst, nabothian follicles, epithelial inclusion cysts, mucinous retention cysts. ) is a mucus-filled lump on the surface of the cervix. They are usually caused when the stratified squamous epithelium of vagina grows towards the simple columnar epithelium of uterus. So, simply this is a cyst formed in the nabothian gland of the cervix. This is a common finding in Routine Pelvic Examination in women of reproductive age. Nabothian cysts are usually  white to yellow in color with normal branching vessels.

Cause:

The cervix is lined with glands and cells that release mucus. The glands can become covered by a type of skin cells called squamous epithelium. When this happens, the secretions build up in the plugged glands. They form a smooth, rounded bump on the cervix. The bump is called a Nabothian cyst.

Arrow marking the Nabothian Cyst

How To Identify?

Nabothian Cysts can be identified easily by a gynecologist. These appear as a whitish, pimple like bumps present on the surface of cervix. There May be a single bump or group of bumps Clustered Together. A qualified Doctor can identify them easily, and he won't need any laboratory test For confirmation.

Symptoms:

There are no symptoms related to Nabothian cyst. it is a very benign (harmless) condition. Normally females remain unaware of Nabothian cysts and discovered coincidentally when a women is examined by gynecologist for other purposes. but if a Nabothian Cyst is large enough that it can block the cervical opening it can lead to discomfort during menses.Each Nabothian cyst appears as a small, white raised bump. There can be more than one.

Diagnosis: 
Diagnosis of Nabothian cyst is made by one of following;

• Routine pelvic examination
• UTRASONOGRAPHY
• Colposcopy 
• Biopsy

UTRASONOGRAPHY

Nabothian cyst in the cervical region. Sagittal T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR image demonstrates irregular USL nodule (thin arrow) adjacent to posterior Endometriosis of the uterus, large Endometrioma, multiple uterine Leiomyomas (thick arrow). True-positive diagnosis of nodular USL involvement with Endometriosis was determined at MR imaging.

Complications:
In certain instances, complications can occur from nabothian cysts. In rare cases, the cysts can become so numerous or large that becomes obstructed or enlarged. This could make receiving a Pap smear (a routine gynecological exam that samples cervical cells to check for any irregularities) difficult.



Treatment:
Often, Doctors are not needed to treat Nabothian Cyst. Because it is a very benign condition. But if Cyst Grows in size and it blocks the cervical opening,  methods such as cauterizing and freezing of cyst are done.There are Two Methods of removing these cysts:

1. ELECTROCAUTERY - heated probe is used to cut the cyst

2. CRYOFREEZING - cyst is freeze with liquid Nitrogen



Prevention
Currently, there is nothing that can be done to prevent Nabothian cysts from appearing. They are not caused by a virus or bacteria and there seems to be no correlation between lifestyle and the appearance of these cysts. Because they are so benign, most are ignored unless they become large enough to block the cervix entrance, making it difficult to perform a pap smear test. Most people live without even knowing they are there.


Prognosis
Prognosis of Nabothian Cysts is good as it is a benign condition.


Frequency And Recurrence
Nabothian cysts most often occur in:

• Married women, 
• who are of reproductive age, 
• female having Multiple Pregnancies

Synonyms for Nabothian Cyst:

• Nabothian Follicle 
• Cervical cyst
• Nabothian follicles 
• Epithelial inclusion cysts 
• Mucinous retention cysts.

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